Answer to the comment of Chudnovsky: On the square-root time relaxation in molecular nanomagnets

Answer to the comment of E. Chudnovsky concerning the following papers: (1) N.V. Prokof'ev, P.C.E. Stamp, Phys. Rev. Lett.80, 5794 (1998). (2) W. Wernsdorfer, T. Ohm, C. Sangregorio, R. Sessoli, D. Mailly, C. Paulsen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3903 (1999).Comment: 1 page

On-chip SQUID measurements in the presence of high magnetic fields

We report a low temperature measurement technique and magnetization data of a quantum molecular spin, by implementing an on-chip SQUID technique. This technique enables the SQUID magnetometery in high magnetic fields, up to 7 Tesla. The main challenges and the calibration process are detailed. The measurement protocol is used to observe quantum tunneling jumps of the S=10 molecular magnet, Mn12-tBuAc. The effect of transverse field on the tunneling splitting for this molecular system is addressed as well.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Classical and quantum magnetisation reversal studied in single nanometer-sized particles and clusters using micro-SQUIDs

Recent progress in experiment on quantum tunnelling of the magnetic moment in mesoscopic systems will be reviewed. The emphasis will be made on measurements of individual nanoparticles. These nanomagnets allow one to test the border between classical and quantum behaviour. Using the micro-SQUID magnetometer, waiting time, switching field and telegraph noise measurements show unambiguously that the magnetisation reversal of small enough single crystalline nanoparticles is described by a model of thermal activation over a single-energy barrier. Results on insulating BaFeO nanoparticles show strong deviations from this model below 0.4 K which agree with the theory of macroscopic quantum tunnelling in the low dissipation regime.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, conference proceedings of LT22-Helsink

Quantum tunneling in a three dimensional network of exchange coupled single-molecule magnets

A Mn4 single-molecule magnet (SMM) is used to show that quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) is not suppressed by moderate three dimensional exchange coupling between molecules. Instead, it leads to an exchange bias of the quantum resonances which allows precise measurements of the effective exchange coupling that is mainly due to weak intermolecular hydrogen bounds. The magnetization versus applied field was recorded on single crystals of [Mn4]2 using an array of micro-SQUIDs. The step fine structure was studied via minor hysteresis loops.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Micro-SQUID technique for studying the temperature dependence of switching fields of single nanoparticles

An improved micro-SQUID technique is presented allowing us to measure the temperature dependence of the magnetisation switching fields of single nanoparticles well above the critical superconducting temperature of the SQUID. Our first measurements on 3 nm cobalt nanoparticle embedded in a niobium matrix are compared to the Neel Brown model describing the magnetisation reversal by thermal activation over a single anisotropy barrier.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures; conference proceeding: 1st Joint European Magnetic Symposia (JEMS'01), Grenoble (France), 28th August - 1st September, 200

Field-tuned quantum tunneling in a supramolecule dimer [Mn4]2[Mn_4]_2

Field-tuned quantum tunneling in two single-molecule magnets coupled antiferromagnetically and formed a supramolecule dimer is studied. We obtain step-like magnetization curves by means of the numerically exact solution of the time-dependent Schr\H{o}dinger equation. The steps in magnetization curves show the phenomenon of quantum resonant tunneling quantitatively. The effects of the sweeping rate of applied field is discussed. These results obtained from quantum dynamical evolution well agree with the recent experiment[W.Wernsdorfer et al. Nature 416(2002)406].Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Submited to Phys. Rev.

Nuclear spin driven resonant tunnelling of magnetisation in Mn12 acetate

Current theories still fail to give a satisfactory explanation of the observed quantum phenomena in the relaxation of the magnetisation of the molecular cluster Mn12 acetate. In the very low temperature regime, Prokof'ev and Stamp recently proposed that slowly changing dipolar fields and rapidly fluctuating hyperfine fields play a major role in the tunnelling process. By means of a faster relaxing minor species of Mn12ac and a new experimental 'hole digging' method, we measured the intrinsic line width broadening due to local fluctuating fields, and found strong evidence for the influence of nuclear spins on resonance tunnelling at very low temperatures (0.04 - 0.3K). At higher temperature (1.5 - 4K), we observed a homogeneous line width broadening of the resonance transitions being in agreement with a recent calculation of Leuenberger and Loss.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Europhys. Let

Quantum Hole Digging in Magnetic Molecular Clusters

Below 360 mK, Fe8 magnetic molecular clusters are in the pure quantum relaxation regime. We showed recently that the predicted ``square-root time'' relaxation is obeyed, allowing us to develop a new method for watching the evolution of the distribution of molecular spin states in the sample. We measured the distribution P(H) of molecules which are in resonance at the applied field H. Tunnelling initially causes rapid transitions of molecules, thereby ``digging a hole'' in P(H). For small initial magnetisation values, the hole width shows an intrinsic broadening which may be due to nuclear spins. We present here hole digging measurements in the thermal activated regime which may allow to study the effect of spin-phonon coupling.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, conference proceedings of LT22 (Helsinki, Finland, August 4-11, 1999

Quantum Step Heights in Hysteresis Loops of Molecular Magnets

We present an analytical theory on the heights of the quantum steps observed in the hysteresis loops of molecular magnets. By considering the dipolar interaction between molecular spins, our theory successfully yields the step heights measured in experiments, and reveals a scaling law for the dependence of the heights on the sweeping rates hidden in the experiment data on Fe$_8$ and Mn$_4$. With this theory, we show how to accurately determine the tunnel splitting of a single molecular spin from the step heights.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure